宾夕法尼亚大学建筑与设计科研项目

宾夕法尼亚大学建筑与设计科研项目简介
University of Pennsylvania Architecture Research

一、学校简介

宾夕法尼亚大学（University of Pennsylvania ），简称宾大（UPenn），位于宾夕法尼亚州的费城，是一所全球顶尖的私立研究型大学，著名的八所常春藤盟校之一，宾大拥有北美洲的第一所医学院，第一所商学院，第一所传媒学院以及第一个学生会组织。诞生了人类历史上第一台通用电子计算机ENIAC，宾大在2017年US News大学综合排名中位列全美第8名，根据研究经费及师生质量等学术指标，2014年，大学评定中心把宾大评为研究实力一级研究型大学（并列一级另有哥大、哈佛、麻省理工和斯坦福四所高校）。截止2017年，共有35位校友、教职工及研究人员获得过诺贝尔奖。

二、科研内容简介：

科研导师：宾大建筑设计专业导师；
科研形式：远程线上科研，导师授课+研究实战结合，完成课题选题、搜集资料、数据分析、研究实践及报告撰写；
科研周期：
远程科研：学生与导师约定开始时间，线上交流进行科研学习和探讨，每期时间4-12周，具体根据学生完成任务的进度确定完成时间。
申请截止：滚动报名，先到先得；

科研主题：
Graphical statics［图形静力学］
Computational designl［计算机设计］
Architectural design［建筑设计］
Computational geometry ［计算几何］
Structural design ［结构设计］
Spatial structures ［空间结构］
Architectural geometry, ［建筑几何］
Polyhedral geometry ［多面体几何］
Infrastructural design ［基础设施设计］
Hydraulic design ［水利设计］
Applied mathematics ［应用数学］

三、招募要求

面向对象： 以欲申请美国名校建筑、机械工程、计算机、数学、人工智能等相关专业的大学或者硕博研究生为主；
软性背景：有一定的科研履历者优先； 

四、科研课题介绍

1. Mechanical Behavior of Polyhedral Frames
This research investigates the mechanical behavior of funicular polyhedral frames designed by 3DGS.
Although 3DGS allows exploring static equilibrium of variety of non-conventional funicular solutions in three dimensions, it does not include material properties and self-weight of the members. Therefore, the mechanical behavior of the spatial funicular forms must be evaluated using additional analytical models based on the assigned material properties and various loading cases other than the design loads. The primary objective of this research is to:
·validate the results of the applied 3DGS using numerical calculations;
·define the type and magnitude of the internal stresses under various loading scenarios their self-weight, ultimate load-bearing capacity, and failure mechanism;
·and predict the failure mechanisms and suggest possible improvement in the system
2. Constrained Manipulation of Polyhedral Systems
Modeling or manipulating polyhedral geometry in the context of 3D Graphic Statics and reciprocal polyhedral diagrams, either as the form or force diagram, is not a trivial task. This research presents a method for the manipulation of groups of polyhedral cells that allows geometric transformation while preserving the planarity constraints of the cells and maintaining the equilibrium direction of the edges for the reciprocity of the diagrams. The work expands on previously investigated single-cell manipulations and considers the effects of these transformations in adjacent cells and the whole system. All the transformations addressed in the research maintain the topological relations of the input complex. The result of this research can be applied to both form and force diagrams to investigate various geometric transformations resulting in convex, concave or complex (self-intersecting) polyhedra as a group. The product of this research allows intuitive user interaction in working with form and force diagrams in the early stages of geometric structural design in 3D.

3. 3D Graphic Statics: procedural construction

This research investigates the geometric procedures of 3D Graphic Statics using reciprocal polyhedral diagrams. The concentration is in the procedural construction of the reciprocal form and force diagrams in polyhedral space. The design and analysis methods developed in this research are equivalent to the existing methods of 2D Graphic Statics; it includes the topics such as constrained form finding, funicular polyhedral construction, etc.Triskeles bridge is a conceptual design of a funicular spatial bridge that spans over three support locations in Lauterbrunnen, Switzerland. The structural form of this bridge is derived using 3D Graphic Statics method using reciprocal polyhedral diagrams. The largest span of the bridge is 150 m. The bridge has a depth of 12 m in its deepest part.  The funicular form and force diagrams constrained to three support locations include compression (blue spectrum) and tensile members (red). Note that the original form and force diagrams include additional tensile members connecting three supports. reducing these elements from the geometry of form requires additional pre-stressing force to be applied at the supports to guarantee the equilibrium.

五、参与科研的最大收获

1、科研完成时，学生将会全面了解建筑设计与规划等领域基本知识和最新进展，表现优异的同学获得导师推荐信和丰富的CV履历。
2、挑战自身潜能，切身体会宾夕法尼亚大学顶尖科研环境，在严苛的训练下快速成长。
3、极大拓宽视野，通过此次科研，参与学生将会对留学名校有个清晰的认识，并依此做出最优的人生规划。
4、学生将有机会与顶尖精英近距离交流套磁，了解宾夕法尼亚大学的内部申请信息。        

六、选拔流程

1.提交报名表；
2.初审合格，签订协议，科研组择优⾯试；
3.⾯试通过后，发送录取确认书；
4.远程项目协调开始时间及项目研究准备；
5.开始科研；
6.丰富的CV、PS履历；获得科研证书，表现优异者可获导师推荐信助⼒申请。